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Introduction of SDGs of Bangladesh

Term Paper On Bangladesh: Reaching the SDGs

(Sustainable Development Goals) by 2030

Submitted to

Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul Hasan

Submitted By

KOCCHOPER DEEM

Submission Date: 12.12.2017

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

12 December, 2017

To

Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul Hasan

Faculty Of Business Studies

American International University Bangladesh.

Subject: Submission of Term Paper.

Dear Sir,

The purpose of this letter, as stated in the subject is the submission of this Term Paper, on the topic ‘Bangladesh: Researching the SDGs by 2030’, as given in class as part of the requirement for the completion of the MBA 5101(Business Communication).

In the process of bringing this report about, the members of team (respective names Stated below), have endeavored to their utmost to maintain the highest of qualities, in terms of writing, information collection and analysis of acquired data. The members have furthermore striven to make this report as comprehensive and relevant to the course as possible and hopefully their efforts have been amply demonstrated in the report.

We would also like to take this opportunity to put forward our most heartfelt thanks for giving this opportunity to create this term paper and in turn have one the most memorable experiences of our lives. If any assistance is required in the comprehension of this report, please do not hesitate to contact us.

Sincerely Yours,

NO	Name	ID	Signature
1	Ahnaf Kabir	17-90445-3
2	Islam Kamrul	17-90483-3
3	Islam Sayed Kamrul	17-90487-3
4	Iftekhar-Ul-Karim	17-90489-3
5	Salim Murshed	17-90520-3

Letter of Acknowledgement

At the beginning, we would like to express my sincere gratitude to Almighty, the most merciful and beneficial for empowering me to prepare the report within the scheduled time.

This report on “Bangladesh: Researching the SDGs by 2030” has been a challenging yet interesting project to work on. The topic was quite challenging itself as we worked a lot for our subject. However, the report came through successfully at the end. We would like to take this opportunity to thank a few people who have contributed immensely in their own ways towards the success of this report.

First and foremost, we would like to thank our honorable and respected faculty “Professor Dr. M. Mahmodul Hasan” for making a highly technical course like MBA-5101 so easy and interesting to us. Thank you sir for letting us works on this topic and guiding us through the entire paper. We would like to apologize for the trouble we have caused you by disturbing you with so many questions regarding the report and the course as a whole. Thank you for all your patience and proper guidance. We are very grateful to you for helping us so much and being so kind towards us.

Next, we would like to thank everyone who has helped us about the topic that we were working on. Their guidance and immense help make us doing well on this project.

For this report we have used some books with I would like to refer here the text book Essentials of Business Communication 9^th edition by Mary Ellen Guffey and Dana Loewy. And some other reference book that we’ve mentioned in the reference part.

Acronyms

UNDP stands for The United Nations Development Program. It is the United Nations' global development network. UNDP’s headquartered is situated in New York City. UNDP promote for changing and connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life. The parent organization of UNDP is ECOSOC (United Nations Economic and Social Council).  In our report we are going to work on the UNDP Bangladesh. Especially on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which is also known as the Global Goals. This goals are universal effort to fighting with poverty, protecting the planet and ensuring that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.

In this 16 Goals which is built on the success of Millennium Development Goals, it also includes new aspects such as climate change, economic inequality, innovation, sustainable consumption, peace and justice, among other priorities. These goals are interrelated and the key to success on how one will encompass attempting issues more commonly associated with another.

The SDGs work as partner and rational to make the right choice now to improve life, in a sustainable way, for future generations. They provide clear guidelines and targets for all countries to adopt in accordance with their own priorities and the environmental challenges. Bangladesh UNDP is developing and working on the SDGs.

Executive Summary

UNDP is an international organization they have some Sustainable development goals. In our report we have covered sixteen sustainable development goals. Which has covered different aspects of developments. UNDP has targeted to achieve these sustainable development goals by 2030.

UNDP is working toward sustainable developments according to the sustainable development goals. There is a vision or sustainable development agenda that aims to end poverty, promote prosperity and people’s well-being while protecting the environment by 2030. UNDP is playing a key role to progress or work according to sustainable development goals in supporting countries to make the vision reality.

In our report we have focused on the activities and goals of UNDP Bangladesh and we’ve prepared our report based on Bangladeshi perspective. We’ve conducted a survey and according to the respondent’s opinion we’ve tired our best to figure out the progress and process of UNDP Bangladesh to achieve the sustainable development goals.

Comparing the findings, the problems that UNDP Bangladesh is facing in developing/ working toward their goals. Bangladeshi people are lagging behind because of their poverty, illiteracy, lack of awareness, many people are suffering from different diseases. There is not enough supply of safe water, proper sanitation, and proper garbage management and so on. UNDP Bangladesh is working on all of these and much more important issues.

Bangladesh is developing at a remarkable speed that is really appreciable. Now-a-days environment pollution is a burning question. The season is changing that is affecting us, as well as other animals on land or underwater. UNDP is targeting all over the world to resolve these problems. UNDP Bangladesh is working in according Bangladeshi perspective and need.

Table of Contents

1.    Introduction of SDGs of Bangladesh.. 8

2.    Approach and Methodology:. 9

       2.1. Methodology:. 9

               2.1.1.     Data Sources:. 9

               2.1.2.    Data analysis technique. 10

       2.2.    Limitation of the study:. 10

3.    Analysis and Findings:. 10

       3.1.        No Poverty:. 10

       3.2.       Zero Hunger. 14

       3.3.       Good Health And Well-Being. 17

       3.4.       Quality Education:. 20

       3.5.       Gender Equality. 23

       3.6.       Clean Water And Sanitation.. 26

       3.7.       Affordable And Clean Energy. 30

       3.8.       Decent Work And Economic Growth.. 32

       3.9.       Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure. 35

       3.10.     Reduced Inequalities. 38

       3.11.      Sustainable Cities And Communities. 41

       3.12.     Responsible Consumption And Production.. 44

       3.13.     Climate Action.. 47

       3.14.     Life Below Water. 49

       3.15.     Life On Land.. 52

       3.16.     Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions. 55

4.    Recommendation:. 56

5.    Abbreviation…………………………………………………………………………………….

6.    Conclusion.. 57

7      Reference

1.Introduction of SDGs of Bangladesh

UNDP Bangladesh help the people and government to create more sustainable, peaceful, advanced and resistant economy, environment and society. It helps to improve Bangladesh conditions and reduce poverty and inequalities in both cities and villages across the country. It also indorses new and innovative sources of energy and climate solutions, and also helps Bangladesh to prepare disaster management. UNDP Bangladesh also contributing in providing equal opportunities for women, youth and disables to ensure no one is left behind. It provides assistance, support and guidance to creativities at the community, institutional and policy levels, and gives new development ideas a platform to grow. We are here to help.

From the very beginning of Bangladesh since 1972 UNDP Bangladesh is a key facilitator of Bangladesh. From then UNDP is assisting Bangladesh to improve their condition from war zone to till today’s condition developing country. There is political instability, environmental issues, poverty and many other problems which UNDP Bangladesh and government are working on together. UNDP Bangladesh has been a valuable partner and true support throughout the whole process, always UNDP Bangladesh has been acting as an honest friend for Bangladesh.

UNDP Bangladesh has always fulfilled its commitments toward the human rights, rules of law, or inclusive governance. The cooperation of UNDP Bangladesh and Bangladeshi government is well-established, respected, and long-standing. UNDP Bangladesh has successfully helped to make government institutions of Bangladesh more effective, translucent and accountable. This is particularly useful in helping the government to deliver on its seventh five-year plan (2016-2020), and to meet its Sustainable Development Goal targets by 2030.

2. Approach and Methodology:

2.1. Methodology:

For the purpose of getting our report done properly we’ve collected data and conducted survey to get adequate information.

1. Data Sources:

                                       For the findings part 80 questions were made to collect the valid data from 15 different respondents. Rating them in different criteria depending on the pattern of question and for conducting the research, we have used both secondary and primary information. The reason behind using the variable tool is to get more accurate and valuable information as well as to enrich the trustworthiness of our report. Between primary and secondary sources most of the data have been collected from the secondary sources. We have started our work at the 2nd week of November. So far we have got 1 months to do our analysis on primary and secondary data.

Primary Sources: Interview of the respondents.

Secondary Sources:

• The annual report of UNDP
• Published papers, documents and reports.
• Published specifications of different products in website.

Sample size: There are 15 respondents.

2. Data analysis technique: MS Excel was used for data analysis.

2.2.Limitation of the study:

The main constraint of the study was of time as the duration of the program was of six weeks only.

Insufficient supply of relevant books and journals.

As the respondents are very busy and mostly not interested in any survey. Even then some respondents have cooperated with us, they could provide very little time.

Besides this, questions arise about the honesty or approach respondents’ followed while filling up the questionnaire of my primary research

There were some restrictions to have access to the information so it was less possible to get into that part for report writing purpose.

3. Analysis and Findings:

1. NO POVERTY

The Sustainable Development Goals of UNDP Bangladesh is to expand the previous MDG target on poverty. First we need to know what poverty is. Poverty is a complex concept, which may contain social, economic, and political elements. Absolute poverty, extreme poverty, or destitution refers to the complete lack of the means necessary to meet basic personal needs such as food, clothing and shelter. According to the 2008 UNDP Human Development Index, Bangladesh ranks 147th among 179 countries and has achieved medium human development gains over the past 10 years. However, more than 63 million people still live below the poverty line. In our survey we’ve tried to find out whom the respondent considers in poverty, their opinion about the effective contribution of the government agencies, its benefits and the necessity of the people living under poverty line.

According to our survey we’ve got following informations:

In our survey we have asked the respondents which class of people they consider in poverty. No respondents goes for upper class and middle class options. 32% of the respondents said that they consider lower middle class and rest 68% respondents said that they consider lower class people are living in poverty.

We have asked the respondents what they think the welfare government agencies are doing enough to lessen the cases of poverty in their community. 4 respondents said they strongly agree, 5 said they agree, 2 respondents said they think neutral, 3 respondents said they disagree and rest 1 respondent said he/she strongly disagreed that the welfare government agencies are doing enough to lessen the cases of poverty in their community.

We’ve asked the respondents for giving their opinion about the person who are employed benefit from the government welfare program. 20% respondents said sometimes, 27% said always and rest 53% said that they think never the person who are employed benefit from the government welfare program.

We asked the respondents what they think the persons in poverty in their community immediate needs. 8 respondents thinks food, 3 respondents think cloths, 1 respondent thinks education, 1 respondent thinks education and rest 2 respondents think others. From their response we can say that food is needed more than anything else for the person in poverty.

When we asked the respondents if they think the benefits given to persons on welfare are adequate to meet their basic needs and wants. 1 respondent has strongly agreed, 5 respondents have agreed, 3 respondents were neutral, 4 respondents had disagreed and rest 1 respondents had strongly disagreed. 

When we asked their opinion about the welfare government agencies have impacted on poverty in your community. 1 respondent had strongly agreed, 2 respondents had agreed, 3 respondents were neutral, 5 respondents had disagreed and 4 respondents had strongly disagreed

2. ZERO HUNGER

The Sustainable Development Goals of UNDP Bangladesh and its associated goals are much bigger than previous hunger-related MDG goals. Up to 40 to 60% of any household income is usually spent for food one pattern we’ve seen that the spending has reduced over time period. People don’t get proper food that results malnutrition, different types of disease and much more. In our country people living under poverty line didn’t get three times mean properly, sometimes they need to skip meal or half-eaten for their family. Often they are worried whether their food would run out before they get money to buy more.

For SDGs second goal Zero hunger our first question was the percentage of family income spend for food. 13% said they spend less than 20%, 7% said they spend 20-35%, 20% said they spend 25-35%, most number of respondents 47% said they spend 35-50% and the rest 13% had said that they use to spend more than 50% of their total family income.

We’ve asked them how many times they take food every day. The response was like this 1 people said more than 4 times, 3 respondents said 4 times, 4 respondents said 3 times and the most number of respondents said 2 times.

There was a question in our survey if any child of your family had skipped a meal in last 12 months because there wasn’t enough money for food. Only 4 respondent said any child of your family had skipped a meal in last 12 months because there wasn’t enough money for food. And rest 11 respondents said no such thing has happened to them.

There was a question in our survey if any adult of your family had skipped a meal in last 12 months because there wasn’t enough money for food. Only 6 respondent said any adult of your family had skipped a meal in last 12 months because there wasn’t enough money for food. And rest 9 respondents said no such thing has happened to them.

We had one question that how often they or their families are worried about their food being finished before they get money to buy more. 7 respondents said sometime, 5 respondents said never and 3 respondents said often.

3. GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

We know that “Health is wealth”.  Third Sustainable Development Goals of UNDP Bangladesh contains three previous MDGs (child health, maternal and reproductive health, and HIV, malaria and other diseases) in the form of targets. Addition to that SDG 3 has also included many more targets on other infectious diseases, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), accidents, substance abuse and mental health. In our survey we’ve tried to figure-out the treatment quality, satisfaction, availability, proper privacy and reliability of the treatment, good health and well-being. The treatment or health condition is not up to the mark, but the condition is improving. The death-rate has decreased, the public awareness about health care are increasing, and so on which is a very good sign but still there are many options of improvement.

We asked the respondents if they get enough privacy when discussing their treatment. 8 respondents said they don’t get enough privacy when discussing their treatment and 7 respondents said they get enough privacy when discussing their treatment.

When the respondents were asked if the doctors have talked in front of them as if they weren’t there. 4 respondents said yes often, 9 respondents said yes sometimes and the rest 2 respondents said no. 

There was a question if they needed to talk to a doctor, did they get the opportunity to do so? 3 respondents said yes often, 3 respondents said yes sometimes, 5 respondents said never and rest 4 respondents said they don’t need to talk to any doctor.

We asked if they want to be more involved in decisions made about their care. 5 respondents said yes often, 7 respondents said yes sometimes and rest 3 respondents said no.

When the respondents asked if anything happened like Sometimes in hospital one doctor or nurse will say one thing and another will say something quite different. Did this happen to them? 53% said yes often, 27% said yes sometimes and rest 20% said no.

4. QUALITY EDUCATION:

Education is the backbone of a nation. To change the condition of a country we need to improve and emphasis on the education system of any country. Bangladesh has one of the lowest literacy rates in Asia, estimated at 66.5% for males and 63.1% for females in 2014. Recently the literacy rate of Bangladesh has improved as it stands at 71% as of 2015 due to the modernization of schools and education funds. The fourth Sustainable Development Goals of UNDP Bangladesh is providing quality education and working toward 100% literacy rate.

 

When we asked the respondents to specify their years of education 2 respondents said 12 years, 4 respondents said 14 years, 3 respondents said 16 years and 6 respondents said other.

To find out the education attained by the respondents we asked them about the certificate exam they have attained. 1 respondents said JSC, 2 respondents said PSC, 4 respondents said SSC, 6 respondents said HSC and 2 respondents said others.

  

We asked the respondents to rate the education system in Bangladesh on a scale of 1 to 5. 2 respondents said very low, 4 respondents said low, 5 respondents said moderate, 3 respondents said high and rest 1 respondents said very high.

Fourth question in our survey we have asked the respondent according to them, is there a difference between the government and private education institutes and if yes then what?  We’ve asked them to be precise. The respondents thinks there is a huge difference exists between the government and private education institutions. In government instituting the cost is comparatively very low than the private ones. Quota system exists in case of getting chance in government educational institutes on the other hand the private institutions sometimes demands for large scale of donation with is not possible for many people. In both cases many talented student didn’t get opportunity because of this unequal competition. The facilities in private institutions are higher than government institutions. The environment and the technical equipment’s are used in private institutions more than government institutions.

When the respondents were asked if they are satisfied with the syllabus being taught in government institutes in our country. 27% said very low, 13% said low, 33% said moderate, 20% said high and rest 7% said very high.

5. GENDER EQUALITY

Gender equality means the state where access to rights or opportunities is unaffected by gender. The gender equality condition of Bangladesh is actually improving a lot. Women are getting equal opportunity, respect, security, education, support and so on. Both government and different NGOs are working on it. In 2013, Bangladesh was ranked 142 out of 187 countries on the Human Development Index and 115 out 149 countries surveyed on the Gender Inequality Index. Many of these inequalities are result of extreme poverty and traditional gender norms centered on a patrimonial and patriarchal kinship system.

The respondents were asked if they feel that their workplace has a gender inclusive culture. 9 respondent said no and 6 respondents said yes.

Asking respondents if they have experienced gender discrimination in the workplace. 27% of the respondents strongly agree, 33% respondents agree, 13% respondents said neutral, 20% respondents disagree and rest 7% respondent strongly disagree. 

 

We asked the respondents if their supervisor does not consider gender in delegating job assignment. 2 respondents strongly agreed, 4 respondents agree, 5 respondents opinion were neutral, 3 respondents have disagree and rest 1 respondents strongly disagree.

We asked the respondents if their gender influence their profession. 2 respondents strongly agree, 4 respondents agree, 5 respondents opinion were neutral, 3 respondents disagree, and rest 1 respondents strongly disagree.

When we asked the respondents if they think their peers threat them differently because of their gender. 2 respondents have strongly agreed on this. 1 respondent has agreed, 4 respondents give neutral opinion, 5 respondents has disagreed and rest 3 respondents have strongly disagreed that their peers would treat them differently because of their gender.

6. CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

The sixth Sustainable Development Goal is providing clean water and proper sanitation system. In Bangladesh the water is supplied by WASA. They use to supply the ground water. The pressure is so high that the water level is decreasing at an alarming rate. Clean water and proper sanitation can reduce many diseases. Bangladesh government is working and trying to improve the water supply and water quality. They are also working hands in hands with NGOs to increase people awareness about the necessity of clean water and sanitation.

In our survey we’ve asked the source of water for general use and drinking. 20% respondents get water from a slow sand filter, 27% respondents from tap or hand pump, 13% respondents from well, 33% from piped water and rest 7% respondents get water from surface water.

 Covering drinking water container is very important to get safe water. When we asked the respondents if they cover their drinking water containers properly. 12 respondents said yes and rest 3 respondents said no.

To know about how the children of the respondent’s house drink water we’ve asked the respondents and 5 of them said that the children drinks with their own cups, 7 of them said with one single cup, 2 of them said with their hands and rest 1 of them said with their mouths.

In fourth qustion of 6^th SDG we asked the respondents “What is the distance from the toilet to the water source”. 5 respondents said the distance is more than 50m, 7 respondent said the distance is between 30 to 50m and rest 3 respondents said the distance is less than 30m.

We’ve asked the respondents about the distance from the school to the toilets. 5 respondents said more than 50m, 7 respondents said between 30 to 50m and 3 respondents said less than 30m.

When we asked the obvious improvements those are needed according to the respondents. 20% said cleaning, 13% said emptying, 27% said ventilation, 33% said covers and rest 7% said others.

7. AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

For a developing country like Bangladesh the supply of affordable and clean energy is a must for the development. From 1990 to 2010, electricity has been reached more than 1.7 billion people. Population is increasing day by day as well as the demand for cheap energy.

The efforts of inspiring people for clean energy results more than 20% of global power being generated by renewable sources as of 2011. But still one of every five people don’t have access to electricity, and as the demand continuously increasing there needs to be a significant increase in the production of renewable energy across the world.

The first question in our survey on this SDG that we have asked the respondents if he/she pays the electric bill in their house. 67% respondents said they pay their house electric bill in their house and rest 33% don’t pay their house electric bill.

We’ve tried to figure-out if the respondents know the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy. 8 respondents said yes they know, 3 respondents said they don’t and rest 4 respondents are not sure.

We asked the respondents if they have ever heard about green energy or bio-gas. 60% said they have and 40% said they haven’t heard about green energy or bio-gas.

 

When we asked if the respondents are concerned about the low amounts of renewable energy being produced. 2 respondents said they are very concerned, 3 respondents said they are concerned, 7 respondents said they are indifference and rest 1 respondents said it doesn’t affect them.

We’ve asked the respondents if they have ‘Solar energy’ or ‘Bio-gas’ system in their house as alternative source of energy. 12 respondents said they don’t have and rest 3 respondents said they have.

8. DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

The number of workers living in extreme poverty level has decreased radically over past 25 years, in spite of the impact of the 2008 economic crisis and global recession. In developing countries like Bangladesh more than 34% of the total employment are middle class. The number has increased trice between 1991 and 2015.

The Sustainable Development Goals stimulated continuous growth, higher levels of productivity and technological improvement. The goal is to achieve full and productive employment, and decent word, for all women and men by 2030.

We’ve said the respondents to give their opinion if they think that the SDGs will benefit the lives of ordinary individuals and communities. 27% have strongly agreed, 20% have agree, 13% have neither agree nor disagree, 27% have disagree and rest 13% respondents have strongly disagreed.

We’ve said the respondents to give their opinion if they think that the SDGs decent work and economic growth are realistic. 2 respondents have strongly agreed, 4 respondents have agree, 2 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 4 respondents have disagree and rest 4 respondents have strongly disagreed.

We’ve said the respondents to give their opinion if they think that the SDGs decent work and economic growth are achievable. 27% have strongly agreed, 27% have agree, 13% have neither agree nor disagree, 13% have disagree and rest 20% respondents have strongly disagreed.

We’ve said the respondents to give their opinion if they think that our national government will take the SDG no.8 decent work and economic growth seriously and will act upon them. 2 respondents have strongly agreed, 3 respondents have agree, 2 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 4 respondents have disagree and rest 4 respondents have strongly disagreed.

We’ve said the respondents to give their opinion if they think that their employer are trying to achieve SDGs decent work and economic growth. 20% have strongly agreed, 13% have agree, 27% have neither agree nor disagree, 13% have disagree and rest 27% respondents have strongly disagreed.

9. INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

To improve the infrastructure the investment in innovation and fundamental drivers of economic growth and development. For a developing country like Bangladesh it is quite challenging to improve the industry, innovation and infrastructure. But the condition is improving remarkably. People have more access and awareness has increased over time about information and technology.

Technological progress is the solution to both economic and environmental challenges. Promoting sustainable industries, and investing in scientific research and innovation are most important ways to simplify sustainable development.

We’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that investment in infrastructure and innovation are crucial drivers of economic growth and development. 2 respondents have strongly agreed, 3 respondents have agree, 3 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 3 respondents have disagree and rest 5 respondents have strongly disagreed.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that their ending poverty would be more difficult, given the industry’s role as a core driver of the global development agenda to eradicate poverty and advance sustainable development. 20% have strongly agreed, 13% have agree, 7% have neither agree nor disagree, 27% have disagree and rest 33% respondents have strongly disagreed.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that economic growth, social development and climate action are heavily dependent on investments in infrastructure, sustainable industrial development and technological progress. 5 respondents have strongly agreed, 5 respondents have agreed, 2 respondents have neither agreed nor disagree, 2 respondents have disagreed and rest 1 respondents have strongly disagreed.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that collaborate with NGOs and the public sector to help promote sustainable growth in industry, innovation and infrastructure within developing countries like us. 27% have strongly agreed, 27% have agree, 13% have neither agree nor disagree, 20% have disagree and rest 13% respondents have strongly disagreed.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that the growth of new industries means improvement in the standard of living for many of us with a sustainable development way. 5 respondents have strongly agreed, 4 respondents have agreed, 3 respondents have neither agreed nor disagree, 2 respondents have disagreed and rest 1 respondents have strongly disagreed.

10. SREDUCED INEQUALITIES

According to the record the income inequality is on the rise, the 10% richest person’s earning is up to 40% of total global income. The poorest 10% earn only 2-7% of total global income. In developing countries like Bangladesh the inequality has increased by 11% according to available recent reports. Income inequality is a global problem and requires global solution. For that we need the monitoring of financial markets and institutions, encouraging development assistance.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that inequalities still persist and large disparities remain and are increasing in access to income, food, land, health and education, especially in rural areas, where most of the poor live. 20% have strongly agreed, 33% have agree, 20% have neither agree nor disagree, 20% have disagree and rest 7% respondents have strongly disagreed.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that income inequality is on the rise. 4 respondents have strongly agreed, 2 respondents have agree, 3 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 5 respondents have disagree and rest 1 respondents have strongly disagreed.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that income inequality is a global problem that requires global solutions to achieving SDG. 20% have strongly agreed, 27% have agree, 13% have neither agree nor disagree, 27% have disagree and rest 13% respondents have strongly disagreed.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that global inequality affects us all, no matter who we are or where we are from. 5 respondents have strongly agreed, 2 respondents have agree, 3 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 1 respondents have disagree and rest 4 respondents have strongly disagreed.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that a recent statistics have shown that this is possible to achieve equality for everyone in this world. 7 respondents have strongly agreed, 2 respondents have agree, 1 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 1 respondents have disagree and rest 4 respondents have strongly disagreed.

11. SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

While most of the population of Bangladesh lives in rural areas, but the urban population is also increasing gradually. Every year for education, jobs, different opportunities rural people are gathering in cities. In Bangladesh most of the universities, educational institutions, office, and industries are located in Dhaka that’s why the population is increasing drastically. Such rapid growth is likely to strain urban infrastructure unless greater investments are made in transportation and other urban infrastructure. Making human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable in the Bangladeshi context will require the following outcomes, among others: urban services improved, regional planning strengthened, and city planning and management made more participatory and integrated, cultural and natural heritage sites expanded, protected and enhanced, and reduced numbers of people affected by flooding and other disasters.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that there is any existence of sustainable cities and communities in Bangladesh. 87% of the respondents said yes and rest 13% of the respondents said no.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents according to them what is the name of the sustainable city in Bangladesh. 11 respondents said Dhaka, 2 respondents said Barishal, 1 respondent said Sylhet and 3 respondents have said Khulna.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents according to them what is the name of the sustainable city in Bangladesh. 11 respondents said Dhaka, 2 respondents said Barishal, 1 respondent said Sylhet and 3 respondents have said Khulna.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that there is any need of social awareness to develop a sustainable cities and communities. 1 respondents have strongly agreed, 2 respondents have agree, 1 respondents have neither agree nor disagree, 7 respondents have disagree and rest 4 respondents have strongly disagreed.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that needed to make cities safe and sustainable means ensuring. 47% have said upgrading slum settlements, 40% said access to safe and affordable housing and 13% said both.

12. RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION

The twelfth Sustainable Development Goal is the responsible consumption and production. There is limited resources available so we need to carefully use them and concentrate on production. So that next generate can get adequate available resources. Many targets, however, are equally relevant to developing countries. The SDG 12 targets need to be promoted in Bangladesh and could be integrated within programs under other SDGs. Given limited UN resources, a separate program for ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns is inappropriate for Bangladesh at the current time.

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that Bangladesh has maintain the equal between consumption and production. 5 respondents have agreed, 7 respondents were neutral, and 3 respondents have disagreed.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think the changes are affected the consumption and production level. 47% have said political issue, 13% health issue, 33% climate and 7% education. 

In our survey when we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that responsible consumption and production are not only means environment benefits but also benefits such as increased competitiveness, business sector development.2 respondents said socio, 4 respondents said economic, 6 respondents said socio economic, and 3 respondents said others.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion if they think that Growth is creating conflict between consumption and production. 47% said population growth, 13% said education growth, 33% said both and 7% said others.

13. CLIMATE ACTION

The thirteenth Sustainable Development Goal of UNDP Bangladesh is “Climate Action”. For global warming the climate is changing all over the world. Bangladesh isn’t excluded from this changes. Every Sustainable Development Goal integrates environment and climate change issues, dazzling the urgent need for action on these issues. In addition, SDG 13 is a specific goal on climate change adaptation and mitigation. 

  

We ask the respondents if they think that it’s needed to take effective actions against climate hazard. 3 respondents strongly agree, 2 respondents agree, 1 respondent was neutral, 6 respondents disagree, and 1 respondents strongly disagree.

Our second question this topic to the respondents was if the government can alone take the action against climate hazards. Nothing is possible by government alone, both public and government need to work together to achieve the desired goal. 90% of the respondents said that government cannot alone take the action against climate hazards. 10% of the respondents said the government can alone take the action against climate hazards.

When we’ve asked the respondents to give their opinion which factors they think can increase climate action. 20% said literacy, 27% said awareness, 13% said promotion, 33% said all of the above and 7% said none of the above.

   

We have asked the respondents according to them what is the major and technological change will give a better than even change that global warming will not excel this threshold. 2 respondents said potential, 7 respondents said environmental and 3 respondents said institutional.

In survey we’ve asked the respondents what are the risks that we are facing for not having a proper climate action. 64% of the respondents said economic risk, 25% of the respondents said community risk and rest 11% of the respondents said both.

14. LIFE BELOW WATER

Bangladesh is the mother land of rivers. Many rivers have passed over Bangladesh that has made our land fertile as well as we get plenty of fishes as well. With blessing there is some curse as well like natural calamities floods. We don’t have proper disposal of garbage so the domestic and industrial garbage are being dumped into the river, ponds and sea. Which is causing huge danger for the lives under water. Proper steps should be taken to save the life below water.

We tried to find out if they think life below water issue effects our country. 5 respondents said yes, 3 respondents said no and rest 7 respondents said may be.

In survey we asked whom they think can help us now to prevent this issue. 46% of the respondents said our government, 27% said fast world country, 7% said United Nation and 20% said we/our-self.

When we ask the respondents the life below water is related to what. 1 respondents said air, 1 respondent said land, 12 respondents said water and 1 respondents said both (a and b).

When we asked the respondents about the life below water is the place for human, under water lives, animal or nothing. 6% respondents said human, 80% said under water lives, 7% said animal and rest 7% said nothing.

Asking the respondents about the ratio of life below water. 7 respondents said the ration is one third, 1 respondents said three quarter, 3 respondents said half of the world and rest 4 respondents said two third.

15. LIFE ON LAND

For human life we need to protect forests and ecosystems. In the medium term, these programs are likely to be enhanced, with increased resource utilization. The indicative outcomes are significant progress in management, renovation and sustainable use of natural resources and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services, improvement in biodiversity protection, and improvement in the control of invasive alien species in land and water ecosystems.

When we asked respondents what they think is the lung of planet. 4 respondents said sea, 2 respondents said air, 4 respondents said human and the rest 5 respondents think forest they think is the lung of planet.

When the respondents was asked the reason of negative situation of life on land. 2 respondents choose cutting trees, 8 respondents choose over population, 2 respondents choose air pollution and other 3 respondents have chosen water pollution.

The respondents have asked about the most forest loss can be attributed to deforestation. 3 respondents said Sub-saharan Africa and in Latin America, 2 respondents said in the Caribbean, 6 respondents said in Asia and 4 respondents said Sub-saharan Africa and in Latin America and the Caribbean.

When we asked the respondents what they think about the life on land is going down day by day. 64% of the respondent said they think so and rest 36% have disagreed. 

In our survey we’ve asked the respondents the solution to improve life on land and gave them three options increase forest, increase industries and it will happen automatically. 8 respondents said increase forest, 4 respondents said increase industries and rest 3 respondents said it will happen automatically.

16. PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS

The sixteenth Sustainable Development Goal of UNDP Bangladesh involves two new areas child protection and good governance. Good governance is important to attain all the other Sustainable Development Goals, while child protection systems are vital for vulnerable children to realize their full potential and become productive members of Bangladeshi society.

When we’ve asked the respondents if they have ever faced any legal issues 20% said they are very disappointed, 27% said they are disappointed, 33% said they are neutral, 13% said they are satisfied and rest 7% said they are very satisfied.

In our survey we have asked respondents for their opinion about the judicial system of Bangladesh. If the respondents have faced any legal issues 40% said they have never faced any legal issues, 60% said they have faced legal issues.

 Then we have asked them about their experience was it satisfying. We asked the respondents if they think our institutions are strong enough. 47% of the respondents have given positive response and the other 53% of the respondents have given negative response. 

The respondents were asked if they are living in peace in Bangladesh. 12 respondents have agreed and other 3 respondents have disagreed that they live in peace in Bangladesh. 

People of Bangladesh are now much more aware than before they need birth registration certificate which is known as birth certificate. As they need birth certificate for different purposes like opening bank account and many others official works. 13 people have birth certificate among the 15 respondents and rest 2 respondents don’t have birth certificate. 

4.Recommendation:

1. Bangladesh is a developing country we are lag behind mostly because of illiteracy and unawareness. We should increase more promotions to make people aware of the necessity of education.
2. Half of the population are women but they don’t get equal opportunities. Equal opportunities in every sector job, business, salary, security should be provided to the women. More UNDP Bangladesh program should be concentrated and planned for women.
3. More and more promotions or public awareness campaigning should be arranged to make people more informed and increase their knowledge about how they can have good health and well-beings.
4. Awareness should be increased about how to get safe water and preserve them. Also the necessity of proper sanitation and problems caused because of

5.Abbreviation:

SDG	Sustainable Development Goals
UNDP	United Nations Development Programme
ECOSOC	United Nations Economic and Social Council
MDG	Millennium Development Goals
MS Excel	Mcro Soft Excel
HIV	Human Immunodeficiency Virus
JSC	Junior School Certificate
PSC	Primary School Certificate
SSC	Secondary School Certificate
HSC	Higher Secondary School Certificate
WASA	Water And Sewer Authority
UN	United Nations

6.Conclusion

SDGs demand concerted and collective efforts with strong political commitment at all levels. The 2030 Agenda comes at a time when Bangladesh has already kicked off its journey towards an upper middle-income country by 2030 and a developed country by 2041. Bangladesh has incorporated priorities of SDGs in all her development policies. The Government has adopted an inclusive approach to development so that the poorest and the most vulnerable section of the country can be integrated into its national development efforts. As the country moves ahead, challenges in several areas, including in resource mobilization and data management, will have to be addressed. Bangladesh is confident to set the example of a leading SDGs achiever.

7.Reference

1.      Essentialsof Business Communication 9th edition by Mary Ellen Guffey and Dana Loewy
2.     Business Communication by Lasikar, Flatley and Rentz
3.     Business Communication today 13th edition by Courtland L. Bovee, John V. Thill
4.     http://www.bd.undp.org/
5.     http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home.html
6.     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme
7. http://www.bd.undp.org/content/bangladesh/en/home/sustainable-development-goals.html
8.    https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates/bangladesh
9.    http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/110386